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Британская монархия

A daughter who succeeds to the throne becomes ___ and acquires the Crown’s powers as though she were king.

As Black Rod approaches the Commons chamber, the door of the Commons is traditionally ___ in his face, a custom which dates from the time Charles I tried to arrest five MPs in 1642.

Before a bill that has passed all its stages in both Houses of Parliament becomes a law it must receive the ___.

Britain is actually governed by ___.

British ___ is a free association of sovereign states comprising Great Britain and a number of its former dependencies who have chosen to maintain ties of friendship and practical cooperation and who acknowledge the British monarch as symbolic head of their association.

Ceremonial activities have always been associated ___British kings and queens and, in spite of changing attitudes, many traditional ceremonies still take place.

Four ___, attended by some 30,000 people are held every year. Three are held at Buckingham Palace and one - at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, at which the Queen distributes the awards granted to both civilians and members of the armed forces.

In international affairs the Queen, as head of state, has the power to declare war and make peace, to recognize foreign states and governments, to conclude treaties and to annex or cede territories.

For advice on such matters the Queen has her own ___.

It is a long-standing tradition that the Monarch never enters the House of Commons. Instead he or she uses a messenger, the Gentleman Usher of ___, to summon MPs to the Lords.

It was proclaimed that Queen Victoria’s descendants in the male line would adopt the name ___.

Match the stages of the coronation service in Great Britain.

Other public duties of the Queen include the ___ at the Cenotaph in Whitehall. This special ceremony remembers the soldiers who died in World War I and World War II and all of the Royal Family and Britain’s political leaders attend it.

Prince Consort fills an important role in the life of the nation, as does ___, Queen Elizabeth II’s husband.

The Privy Council consists of

The Queen personifies the State. She is

The Queen today is only a formal ruler and does not actually govern: nowadays monarchs reign but do not___.

The Queen’s Christmas Speech to the Commonwealth is made on ___ and lasts ten minutes. In it the Queen usually talks about the past twelve months and her hopes for the year ahead.

The United Kingdom is one of six constitutional monarchies within Europe (the other five being Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and ___).

The ___is the best-known ancient tradition started over 1,000 years ago to show that monarchs cared for the old and poor. Each year the Queen gives money to a group of old people at Westminster Abbey. She gives them as many coins as her age plus one.

The coronation service is traditionally conducted by the Archbishop of Canterbury at ___ in the presence of representatives of the Houses of Parliament.

The present monarch, Queen ___, is directly descended from Saxon king Egbert, who united England under his rule in 829.

The present royal family belonged to ___ until 1917 when, in the light of the First World War, it was considered more appropriate for the King to have an English rather than a German name.

The sons of the Sovereign and their ___ have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.

The sovereign succeeds to the throne as soon as his of her predecessor dies. The automatic succession is summed up in the famous phrase ‘the King is dead; long ___ the King!’

___ Britain’s monarchy is the oldest, dating back to the 9th century.

___ from time to time demonstrate majority support for the institution of monarchy as against a republican alternative.

___ on Horse Guards Parade is the ceremony that takes place in June to celebrate the Sovereign’s official birthday.

___ to the Throne in the United Kingdom is still hereditary.

___of the new Sovereign follows the accession after a convenient interval.

Высшее образование в Великобритании и США

A degree course in Great Britain normally ___three or four years.

After graduating ___secondary schools Americans spend some time pursuing further education in junior colleges or go on to higher education.

American higher education is

American institutions of higher education include

Ann never really ___ her parents for not having allowed her to go to university.

At the university the students are called in the following way.

Have you written off to the College for a copy of their ___ yet?

Is it possible to ___ now for the next term’s evening classes?

Junior colleges in the USA usually offer a two-year program of preparatory education in

Match the following studies with their definitions.

Match the following words with their definitions.

Oxford and Cambridge

Professor Smith lives on the ___ of York.

The Open University

The ___ is a great help to his students: he decides what lectures they must attend, recommends them books for reading, discusses and criticizes their written works and knows all about their discipline inside and outside the college.

The factors determining an institution’s prestige in the USA are

The main ___between a college and a university in the USA is that the latter is a collection of colleges, each of which specializes in a different field.

The professor asked the students to do the exercise ___ the bottom of page 55.

The professor at the university generally

The term ___ is not used much today, but it is a useful way of describing this group of universities, many of which were built in the favourite buildings material of the time - red brick.

The___ is taken in one or two related subjects (e. g. two foreign languages) and is grades as first, second of third class.

What ___ do you need to become a doctor?

___ may be obtained by attending postgraduate course or by doing some original work and writing of paper or thesis.

___ year in Britain’s universities is divided into three terms.

Досуг. Национальные праздники Великобритании и США

According to a recent Gallup poll, about 84 million Americans, that is, almost one ___ every three Americans, donated some part of their time as volunteers.

An attraction for those visitors who enjoy a colorful if rather noisy spectacle is the ___ which has become a regular feature of the Edinburgh Festival. It staged on the Esplanade against the background of a floodlit Edinburgh castle.

Avoid ___paper, which suggests you cannot write in a straight line without help, and tends to remind people of junior school handwriting classes.

Besides public holidays in Great Britain, there are other holidays such as

During the winter, many people ___ short vacations to places with warm climates, like Florida and the islands of the Caribbean.

Each of the 50 states establishes its own ___ holidays.

For many English families Sunday begins with the by now traditional “___”, when, instead of getting up at 7.30 or at 8 o’clock, as during the rest of the week, most people stay in bed for at least another hour.

In England Easter is a time for the giving and receiving of presents such as

In The Parliament of Fowles, ___ refers to a once common belief that all birds choose their mates on February 14th, a pleasant, if slightly inaccurate notion which still survives in some districts as a tale told to children.

In the USA the national flag ___ and the flags of the states are found in many places and displayed on many occasions.

In the past bank holidays were days on which banks were to be ___.

Many adult Americans regularly engage ___ sports like tennis, softball, golf and bowling.

Match the following holidays and the dates they are observed

Match the following holidays and the equipment you should take with you

Match the following holidays and the ways they are celebrated

Most Americans look forward to ___ together with the family at Thanksgiving, or even remember Halloween as children and the excitement of “trick or treating.”

On Guy Fawkes’ Day children may be seen going about the streets and having a little cart or an old pram, and they ask the passers-by to spare ___.

Performances and exhibitions are usually very well attended in the USA and tickets can be hard to get, despite their ___ prices!

Smell of ___ being fried is for most people so much a part of Sunday mornings that they would not be the same without it.

The Royal Shakespeare Company presents Shakespearean plays and a mixed repertoire in ___ and ___.

The ___ that we know today came into being during the eighteenth century when the expensive gifts of earlier years had gone out of fashion.

The three holidays which were first observed in the U.S. but have now spread elsewhere are

The traditional bringer of presents, Father Christmas, has his roots in other characters. He has been compared to

There are eight ___ holidays a year in Great Britain, they are the days on which people need not go in to work. They are: Christmas Day, Boxing Day, New Year’s Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, May Day, Spring Bank Holiday and Late Summer Bank Holiday.

Weekend automobile ___ are traditional for many families in the USA and Great Britain.

___ is a traditional Easter pastime which still flourishes in England and Scotland. It takes place on Easter Sunday or Monday, and consists of rolling coloured, hard-boiled eggs down a slope until they are cracked and broken after which they are eaten by their owners.

Искусство Великобритании и США. Посещение музея

A promenade concert in Britain has the following features:

All shows in the Royal National Theatre are usually in ___, which means you can see many productions in a week.

American jazz is a conglomeration of sounds borrowed from such varied sources as

Cheques are not accepted ___ they are accompanied by a cheque guarantee card.

Children are permitted in the museum on the ___that they do not disturb the other tourists.

Contemporary changes in motion pictures in the United States include

If the lift doors refuse to open, please ___ the button.

If you become separated from the tour, please ___your way to the coach pick-up point.

If you have completed the ___form, I give you the membership card.

In the event of an accident, the alarm___.

It is absolutely vital that all tour guides have ___the local history course.

It was a really ___ excursion.

Many people were standing at the entrance of the theatre asking if we had an extra ticket as a sign at the entrance of the theatre said “House ___”.

Match the words, connected with art, with the correct definitions.

Match the words, connected with cinema, with the correct definitions.

My mother bought two tickets for a ___ of the ballet “Sleeping Beauty” by Tchaikovsky beforehand.

Students are allowed into the museum at reduced rates provided that they have a ___ students’ card.

The actors have been ___ the play all this week.

The inventors of cinema were

The performance was a great ___ with the public.

When a musician improvises, he

When the last curtain fell, the house burst out into ___.

Which roads are supposed to carry the least traffic?

___ in New York City relied heavily on revivals, long-running shows, and stage spectaculars in addition to new plays.

Конгресс США

A Representative must be

According to the Constitution of the USA, all citizens of both sexes ___ 18 years of age have a right to vote.

After five weeks, both parties in the strike agreed that it should be settled by ___.

All the amendments adopted by the ___ become an integral part of the Constitution.

Although the American system of government is based on Great Britain’s, it differs in having a written ___ that is the basis of all government and law.

Among the ___ are a Committee of Finance, of Foreign Relations, of Aeronautical Space Science, of Armed Services, etc. President Woodrow Wilson summed up the importance of the committees when he said, “Congress in its committee rooms is Congress at work.”

At the meeting, the voting was five for and five against, which meant the chairman had the ___vote.

By 12 o’clock on January 20, the participants of the Inauguration ceremony and guests take their places on a rostrum especially erected in front of ___.

Football has been a(n) ___ with him ever since he was dropped from the team.

Generally Congress goes along with the decisions of its committees. For a bill to become a law it must be

In honor of the first President capital of the United States, founded in 1791, is named ___.

John F. Kennedy started making some important changes in the United States.

Most people think that the Royal Family is ___ for tourism.

On April 6, 1789, ___ was unanimously elected the First President of the United States of America and served two terms (1789-1797).

President is assisted by Vice-President and the ___.

President of the USA is

Supreme legislative power in the American government lies with ___, which consists of two chambers or houses - the Senate (the upper house) and the House of Representatives (the lower house).

Taking full advantage of the colonists’ skill in conducting ___, George Washington kept his troops afield and by 1781 had managed to build up an able army which entrapped the British at Yorktown.

The Constitution of the USA consists of the ___ and seven articles.

The Constitution of the USA embodied the political theories of the ___, who represented the interests of a privileged class, as the great majority of those who formulated the Constitution, were men of property.

The Constitution says that a Senator must be

The Twenty-second amendment, adopted in 1951, makes it impossible for any President to hold office for more than ___ terms.

The US Constitution gives Congress the power

The ___ presides over the House of Representatives, he conducts debates.

The aims of the Opposition are:

The amendments establish the individual rights and freedoms to all people of the States, some of them are now relatively unimportant, but the Fifth Amendment retains its significance in the fight of the American people for ___.

The cartoonist Thomas Nast invented the Democratic ___as the party emblem.

The cartoonist Thomas Nast invented the Republican ___as the party emblem.

The first 10 amendments, known as the ___, were added to the US Constitution in 1791, as a result of growing popular demands.

The main principle underlying the US Constitution was as follows: private property is the backbone of ___.

The major presidential messages sent to Congress are the annual ___, the annual budget message and the economic report.

The nickname for the American government is ___.

The political power of the ___ is second only to that of the President. He has the duty of trying to maintain peace and to negotiate economic and political treaties.

The two-party system in the USA retains its stability as never before.

Today’s successful lobbyists

Twenty-seven ___ have so far been added to its original text of the Constitution of the USA.

US President has an inner Cabinet, the so-called “___”. It is the name given to the President’s immediate assistants and various advisers on different aspects of home and foreign policy.

US President must be

Under the Constitution, the US Senate has some special powers not given to the House of Representatives.

Unless the Congressmen are called in to vote for or against a bill, most of them seldom appear on the House ___. The visitor usually sees only a few Congressmen there - usually reading their mail and paying little attention to anyone making a speech.

Votes are taken in Congress in different ways (e.g. the Speaker or Vice-President does the counting in his chamber and announces the result. If there is still doubt, two ___are appointed).

When the House meets, the Speaker calls the members to order and the Sergeant-at-Arms places the ___ (the symbol of authority) on the pedestal near the Speaker’s platform.

___ presides over the Senate and he conducts debates.

___ ranks ahead of other Departments in prestige and seniority.

___, a rich plantation owner from Virginia, is known to be the “Father of the Constitution”.

___US Constitution, the House of Representatives may bring charges against the President in impeachment proceedings.

Верно составьте предложения

“___” is a formal accusation against a public official by a legislative body.

Магазины. Покупки. Услуги

A supermarket makes more ___ from its own brand, microwave cooked-chill chicken Kiev than it does from the ingredients needed to make it at home.

Blackmail is

Does Nick take one ___ of sugar in his coffee or two?

Food shopping in the U.S. and Great Britain can be done in four main types of stores

Half of all customers who experience problems but do not ___, do not intend to use this airline again.

He was so nervous about flying that he drank a large glass of whisky to give himself some ___.

I only paid some pounds for this dress. it was a real

I want to go to the ___ department to buy some envelopes.

If you work for someone, then you are an

In Singapore, it is against the law to chew ___ in public.

In general products sell best in supermarkets when they are placed at ___ level.

In the supermarket the shelves at the ___ have long been a favourite for manufacturers of sweets, perhaps the most popular ‘impulse’ buy of all.

In the very heart of London ___ offers wealth of variety to Londoners and visitors alike.

Jack bought a kilo of ___ coffee.

Match the following shopping-related words with their definitions.

Match the words, connected with different types of stores, with the correct definitions.

My mother used to keep ___ of my hear in the top drawer of her dressing table.

People who have picnics should always remember to take their ___ home with them in order to protect environment.

Supermarkets have several ___ who use both manual and electronic pricing scanning (they pass a coded tag in front of an electronic scanner and a price is automatically entered into the cash register).

Supermarkets usually have baskets and ___ for carrying items around the store.

The ___ was crowded and noisy, and smelt warm dough and the almonds that had gone into the morning’s cakes.

The price of the book is 10 pounds, including ___ and packing.

The sudden ___ of the cashiers shortly after the bank robbery confirmed the police’s suspicions that it had been an inside job.

These jeans are terrible. Look how much they’ve ___ since I washed them. They’re much too small to wear now.

To purchase items such as jewelry, perfume, clothing, shoes, appliances, televisions, radios, bicycles, furniture, etc., you go to a ___

To sell goods to another country is to ___ them.

Use a first-class ___ if you want the letter to arrive by tomorrow.

We bought a new sofa for the living-room in the January

When IBM advertised for a new Production Manager, they received over fifty ___ for the job.

You may find inexpensive used household items, clothing, sports equipment or furniture at

___ is the name given to a highly sophisticated way of influencing the way we shop to make sure that stores make the maximum profit.

there was a drawing pin stuck in the ___ of his shoe.

Национальная кухня стран изучаемого языка

A visitor if invited to an American home might well enjoy

A visitor if invited to an English home might well enjoy

America has two strong advantages comparing with other countries when it comes to food

British ___ are often the best places to eat well and cheaply in Britain, and they also increasingly try to serve tasty British food.

For the first ___ we will have chicken soup and rissoles with mashed potatoes for the second.

In a series of ___ experiments, W.K. and J.H. Kellogg ran boiled wheat dough through rollers to produce thin sheets of wheat, which they toasted and ground into meal.

Speaking about British cooking we should note that

The English custom of ___, goes back to the late 18th century when Anne, wife of the 7th Duke of Bedford, decided that she suffered from a “sinking feeling” around 5 p.m and needed tea and cakes to bring back her strength.

The Kellogg brothers would be proud that the Kellogg Company of today places such importance on the ___ value of the food it produces.

The Victorian Prime Minister, Gladstone remarked: “If you are cold, ___will warm you, if you are heated it will cool you, if you are depressed it will cheer you, if you are excited it will calm you.”

The joke of World War II in Great Britain was a dish called ___ (named after the Minister for Food!) which consisted of a mixture of boiled vegetables covered in white sauce with mashed potato on the top.

The strong smell of garlic seemed to ___the whole flat.

There is the international trend to ___ which sell pizza, hamburgers, Mexican foods, chicken, salads and sandwiches, sea-foods, and various ice creams.

We had a (n) ___shave the other day. A car almost hit us as we were crossing the road.

When we eat chicken in our house, my wife always insists on having the ___nose.

Парламент Великобритании

16 Scottish representative peers also ___ the House of Lords.

A Parliament has a maximum duration of ___ years, but it is not fixed, and the government of the day may dissolve it and call for a general election at any time during the term.

Britain has a ___ parliament.

Each session of British Parliament is ended by ___. Parliament then ‘stands prorogued’, until the new session begins.

In the UK a by-election is called if

Like the monarchy in the UK, Parliament is an ancient institution dating from the middle of the ___.

Match the following political parties with their definitions.

On June 10, 1215, Magna Carta, the Great Charter was signed. It was an important symbol of political freedom as this programme

Parliament is also known as ‘___’, since it is housed in the Palace of Westminster, once a home of the monarchy.

Since the mid-19th century the Prime Minister has normally been the leader of the party with a majority in the House of___.

The British Constitution safeguards the separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the ___.

The British constitution, unlike that of most other countries, is ___.

The Conservative Party has always been the party of the___, identified with the idea of economic freedom and the existing social order.

The Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, usually known as «Black Rod», is responsible for

The House of Lords is presided over by the Lord Chancellor, the senior ___of the state.

The House of Lords today consists of the

The Lord Chancellor sits on the ___ as Chairman of the House and controls the procedure and meetings of the House.

The Speaker

The United Kingdom is a ___, which means that the powers of the monarch are limited by the country’s constitution.

The ___ is responsible for finding new ideas and processes.

The ___ is responsible for putting laws into effect and directing national policy and acts formally in the name of the monarch in the UK.

The ___, which consists of both Houses of Parliament and formally the monarch, is the supreme authority, the supreme law-making body.

The chief officer of the House of Commons is the ___.

The executive in the UK consists of ___.

The front benches in the House of Commons on either side are reserved for members of the Cabinet and other ministers, and Opposition spokesmen, known as the ‘___’, respectively.

The government may dissolve the Parliament and call for a general election at any time during the term. This is done by the ___ on the advice of the Prime Minister.

The leaders of the government and the opposition parties sit on facing ‘front benches’, with their supporting MPs, or ‘___’ behind them.

The legislature in the UK consists of ___.

The life of British Parliament is divided into periods, called ___.

The main functions of British Parliament today are

The purpose in creating life peerages was not merely to honour but also to enhance the quality of business done in the ___.

The trade union movement, which founded the ___, remains influential in the evolution of the party policy.

The woolsack is

Unlike the Lords, who can only claim expenses, MPs are paid an annual salary. There are also a number of ___, including travel ___, a supplement for London and provincial members, subsistence ___ and ___for second homes.

___ carry a right to sit in the House of Lords provided holders establish their claim and are aged 21 years or over.

___ do not pass their title when they die.

Выбрать правильный ответ

Посещение библиотеки

A (an)___ helps you to find the position of a place or a country anywhere in the world.

If you can't afford to buy books, then you can always borrow them from the ___.

If you don't know a person's telephone number, you can always look it up in the telephone ___.

If you don't know where to go on holiday, why don't you get a holiday ___ from your nearest Travel Agency?

If you have a___ then you shouldn't get lost.

If you want to find out how to make a particular dish you can look in a ___.

If you want to find out the times of trains or buses you should consult a ___.

Match the following words with their definitions.

She was in such a state when her son died that the doctor gave her ___ to help calm her down.

The captain of a ship fills in a ___every day.

When something goes wrong with your car, you can always try to repair it yourself with the help of a car ___.

You can keep a collection of photographs or autographs in a (an) ___.

You look at a___ to know the date and the month.

You record personal events and happenings in a ___.

You use a ___ to find out the meaning of a word.

Почтовые и телеграфные услуги. Телефонный этикет

A person’s correspondence is usually private, meant only for a specific friend, relative, or colleague. But a letter or collection of letters becomes public if

At the post office you can send money by post. You should fill in a money-order form stating

Don’t forget to write the ___ - it includes the index number and the post office number which serves the addressee.

If you want to send a telegram just ask for a telegram form at the post office counter or take one from the box in the small compartments provided for the writing of telegrams and fill it ___.

In Great Britain there are several ___ a day and your letter will soon reach the addressee.

In all correspondence, there is one golden rule: remember the ___.

In the USA you can have mail sent to you by ___ in any town. It will be held ten days, or up to a month if the sender writes “Please hold 30 days” on the envelope.

Inside the post office is a long ___ divided into departments for parcels, stamps, registered and air-mail letters, telegrams, money-orders, etc.

Mark four stages of preparation and writing a report:

Match the following words with their definitions.

The General Post Office and local post offices have many duties. They

The first stamp in the world was a (an) ___ one. It was made in 1840 to pay the postage on letters going to different parts of the country.

There is a ___ in all post offices, or you can drop your letters and postcards into one of them attached to some houses in the street.

What should you do when you make a call from a coin-box telephone?

What should you do when you make a call from an extension phone?

What should you do when you make a call?

When you register a letter the clerk gives you a receipt and you pay the registration ___.

___ is a mail service for people who live in rural, or farm areas of the United States. As part of this service, letter carriers (mailmen) use automobiles to deliver mail.

___ was the first who found a way to send the human voice through an electric wire.

Проживание в гостинице

After the party, the ___ was full of dirty dishes.

Although the sofa was quite hard, it was comfortable because there were some soft ___on it.

Before the meal George took knives and forks out of the ___.

Both male and ___staff are obliged to wear a uniform.

Can you ___the ironing board and put it away? I've finished the ironing now.

Complete each of short comparison with a suitable word or words.

David went into the bathroom and washed his hands in the ___.

First beat two eggs in bowl. Then ___ three mushrooms into small pieces and add them, with some milk and salt.

If you look carefully at your contract you will see that all the points are there in black and ___.

In our banqueting ___, which before 1948 was the finest ballroom in Europe, we will hold conferences and we can partition it for seminars and small group meetings.

Last year in cooperation with Austria Hotels, it was totally ___ within eleven months - something we are very proud of, for we feel that this is something of a record for Europe.

Mary hung her dress in the ___.

Match the following words with their definitions.

Match the words in columns A with those in column B to make collocations

Oh dear, the iron was too hot. Look, I've ___your blouse. Do you think anyone will notice?

On her ___, there were here spectacles and a glass of water.

Please make sure that your uniform is spick and ___, so that you will make a good impression.

Thanks for washing the dishes. We haven't got time to dry them up. Let's just leave them there to___.

The bride and ___had decided to spend their honeymoon in the Maldives.

The collar of this shirt is so dirty I'll have to

The dress code in the restaurant is informal but gentlemen are requested to wear a jacket and ___.

The guest ordered a whisky and ___without ice.

The hotel is being well-marketed. In fact, even though we have only just opened - our official opening is not until next month - our ___ are very good.

They searched everywhere for the missing child and eventually found him safe and ___ in the games room.

They searched the length and ___of the hotel for the missing earring.

This floor is very dirty. Can you bring me a fresh ___of water?

We have seventy-eight rooms - all ___, with fax, satellite TV, etc.

We have to make ___ rules for the safety of all concerned.

We're part of the Austria Hotels ___ so we use their central reservations service.

Wine and ___in the Aspects Restaurant on the twenty-fifth floor from 8 p.m. till midnight.

Would you like some bread and ___with your meal, sir?

You look at a ___if you want to find out how often some one has attended school or a course.

Путешествие на поезде, машине, самолете и корабле

All passengers should be at the station at least 30 minutes before ___ (if you need to buy a ticket, you should have at least an additional 30 minutes).

As a matter of fact, I really prefer sitting with my ___ to the engine.

By 1775, of all merchant ships in the world sailing ___ the British flag, one-third were American built.

Did you enjoy your week-end ___to the seaside?

During our journey we always paid ___ at the restaurants.

Each passenger is given a ___ to be shown at the departure gate and again to the stewardess when boarding the plane.

Her husband never lifts a finger in the house - he's ___ idle.

I don’t feel well as I’m always ___, especially when the sea is a little bit rough.

I love to feel the ___ of the boat under my feet, to see the rise and fall of the waves, to feel the fresh sea wind blowing in my face and hear the cry of the sea-gulls.

If the traveler has nothing to declare he may just go through the ___ of the Customs.

In 1990 some 79,000 passengers ___ on pleasure cruises from British ports.

In colonial America, the same means of transportation were used which were used just about everywhere else. You could go by

In the 19th century ___ did a great deal to open up the interior of America, to take settlers to new areas, to carry their farm goods to city markets, and to move freight at low cost.

In the USA the only roads inland to the frontier were the narrow paths first used by the Indians and by the animals they hunted. The famous ___ Road, started in 1775 by woodsmen, ran West for almost 300 miles from eastern Tennessee to the Ohio River at Louisville, Kentucky.

In the USA there are several ways to pay for bus transportation in the city. In some cities

Many Americans do not care much ___ public displays of patriotism: flag-waving and parades leave them cold.

Many bus companies offer fifteen-and thirty-day ___, especially during peak summer travel season. They entitle the holder to unlimited travel in the United States and Canada.

Match the following airports and the cities they are situated in.

Match the following types of buses and their descriptions.

Match the following words with their definitions.

Match the words to make common expressions connected with traveling.

May I sit ___ the engine? - Of course! You can take whichever seat you like.

Most of America’s largest cities first grew

On our Southern-England ___ we visited Windsor, Oxford, Cambridge, Stratford-on-Avon and then came back to London.

One must be very careful using the word “subway” in London. It does not mean “the underground”. It means ___.

Parking in London is very expensive. You must either use ___ where you can park for up to 2 or 4 hours.

Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport ___.

Passengers on U.S. ___ must have a boarding pass to board.

Since July 1991 seat belts must be worn by adults in ___ - this applies to taxis as well as cars.

The British are concerned about damage to the environment. That’s why ___ petrol is cheaper than leaded petrol, to encourage drivers to use it.

The English omnibuses are often called ___, because they are very high and have seats on the upper and lower decks.

The discovery of ___ in California in 1849 did much to help the growth of the clipper industry. Hundreds of ships made the trip around the tip of South America to San Francisco.

The most extensive and one of the least expensive means of transportation in America is the ___.

The picture of ___racing through the night, throwing up sparks and smoke, still remains in American minds as part of the romance of the West.

There are security check points before the ___ in U.S. airports.

They were bound to lose the election. It was a (n) ___conclusion.

This ___ in the Chronicle writes very well, doesn't she? I enjoy reading what she has to say every Saturday,

Train arrivals may also be announced on a ___.

Traveling by train you can___

We stood at the side of the road, trying to ___ passing motorists. They didn’t stop.

What goes round a town?

What normally runs along the side of motorways?

What takes boats on water across a road?

When you come to the harbour you can see

Where would you find a crash barrier on a motorway?

While the yacht sailed on, I went to my ___ and changed my clothes.

___ is the major national train company in the U.S. It serves many cities, towns and rural areas throughout the continental U.S.

___ is travelling by getting free rides in passing automobiles and walking between rides.

___ like to operate in crowds so keep your property safe by following some simple guides.

___, a familiar sight in London, were introduced in I960 to control parking. They wear navy-blue uniforms and a peaked cap with yellow bands.

‘Slow down’, I said to the driver, ‘you’re exceeding the speed ___.

Работа. Профессия. Предприятие

A ___is an elected Union representative working in a factory who represents the other Union members there.

A person who invests money in a company usually buys shares in that company. He or she is called a ___.

Choose from the words on the right the name of the person who is in charge of or the leading person in the group, place, etc. on the left.

Firms which buy goods from a factory and later sell them again to shops and stores are called ___.

I can either move to another department or look for another job. It's ___choice really.

If a firm's income is greater than its expenditure, it will make a ___.

If a limited company cannot pay its debts, then it may have to go into ___.

Match the following words with their definitions.

Most cars nowadays are made on an ___.

My cousin earns her living by ___ old paintings.

My grandmother can't hear a thing. She's ___deaf.

People who ___ their food often get indigestion.

The person in charge of the running of a company is the___.

The sea between Dover and Calais was so ___ that most of the passengers were seasick.

To sell goods to another country is to ___them.

When a manufacturer tells a buyer before a sale what the particular goods are going to cost as well as the delivery details, he is giving him or her a ___.

Сельское хозяйство. Окружающая среда

A West Sussex garden has won Britain’s 2002 Garden of the Year Award. This prestigious national award is given in recognition of a garden with outstanding ___ and public appeal.

Almost every ___ country provides some form of government support for farmers.

Although it’s not harmful to store food in an ___can in the fridge for a day or so, it’s still a better idea to store leftover canned goods in a glass or plastic covered container.

American agriculture increasingly has become an “___,” a term created to reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises in the modern U.S. economy.

American farmers approached the 21st century with some of the same problems they encountered during the 20th century. The most important of these continued to be ___.

By checking your plants often, you’ll ___ problems in the early stages when they are easier to deal with.

By the mid-1980s, governments began working to reduce ___ and allow freer trade for farm goods.

Complete each of short comparison with a suitable word or words.

Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct verb from the column on the right.

Do not consume any canned foods that are moldy, not even if you scrape off the ___.

Each silo will hold 200-tons of silage, enough to feed a ___ of 70-head.

Foods that are home-canned and stored properly should last up to ___.

It was ___ Peter Durand who patented the tin can packaging process in 1810.

Once a symbol of the ___that characterized Vermont, wooden stave silos are steadily disappearing from our rural landscape.

The President’s Inauguration speech is regarded as a declaration of principles proclaimed by the new Administration. The wording of the President’s ___is laid down in the Constitution.

The US asked more than 90 countries that were members of the world’s foremost international trade ___, known then as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), to negotiate the gradual elimination of all farm subsidies and other policies that distort farm prices, production, and trade.

The US won favorable decisions from the ___, which succeeded GATT in 1995, in several complaints about continuing European subsidies, but the EU refused to accept them.

The high cost of ___ - in land and equipment - makes entry into full-time farming extremely difficult for most persons.

The primary danger arising from home-canned foods is poisoning from ___.

There are various methods of canning and preserving, including

___ weeds as soon as they appear. All the green waste can be added to the compost heap where any minerals and other nutrients they have absorbed during their short growing time will be recycled for the benefit of your garden plants.

Система здравоохранения Великобритании и США

Although Bob ___ fairly quickly from the accident, he had to have plastic surgery to remove facial scars.

Be careful with that boiling water; you might ___ yourself!

Chickenpox is a children’s infectious ___, but adults can catch it too.

Choose from the words on the right the name of the person who is in charge of or the leading person in the group, place, etc. on the left.

Don't eat your food so quickly! You'll get ___.

Don’t worry, I can assure you that this medicine produces no ___ at all.

Each ___ may have no more than 3500 registered patients under the plan, for each of whom he or she receives a fee.

Established in 1948, the ___ provides full, and in most cases, free medical care to all residents in Great Britain.

He's a ___smoker. No sooner has he stubbed out one cigarette than he lights another.

His neck and mouth are swollen. I think he's got ___.

If someone collapses in the street, it may be helpful to give them ___ aid until the ambulance arrives.

If you suffer from ___ , your doctor may recommend taking sleeping tablets.

In England, if you are ill you can send for the family doctor or else go and visit him at his ___.

In Great Britain patients, who may opt for a particular physician, pay minimal charges for

It must be ___. She's got a fever, and look at all those small red spots on her face and body.

Match the following studies with their definitions.

Match the following words with their definitions.

My wife is expecting a baby. She's in the ___ of Buchanan Hospital at the moment.

The ___ who performed the operation visited the patient soon after she came round.

The five-hour ___ which was performed on Mrs Brown’s hip was expensive but effective.

This dress was ___ cheap. It only cost 25 pounds.

When she broke her leg, she had to go around on ___for several weeks afterwards.

You may have broken one of your ribs. I think we'd better take an ___, just to make sure.

You'd better put some ___on that cut, just to be safe.

You’ll need to take your ___ to the chemist’s, Mrs Hall.

Спорт в Великобритании и США

A football team plays either at home or away - and will ___ - bringing a happy or sad week-end to many English families.

Choose from the words on the right the name of the person who is in charge of or the leading person in the group, place, etc. on the left.

Football, or ___, as it is sometimes called to distinguish it from rugby and football, is the most popular sport in Great Britain.

He said he had won it on the football pools, but we all knew it was ___money. He'd been given it to make sure he wouldn't go to the police.

I think I'll go and lie down for a while; I've got a (n) ___ headache.

In Great Britain football season lasts from

In winter football or rugby matches have postponed due to

Manchester United ___ Liverpool in the F. A. Cup Final.

Many people ___ about the bad behaviour of soccer fans in the town centre after the match.

Match the words to make common expressions connected with traveling.

The Olympic Games included

The Olympic creed was first stated in 1896 by the founder of the modern Olympic Games

The first were held in ___ more than two thousand years ago.

The runners crossed the finishing-line at the same time. It was a ___.

There are eleven players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and ___because American football is a rough game and injuries are likely to occur in.

What continents do the five colours of the interlinked Olympic rings represent?

Whenever you strike up a conversation in England you inevitably get around to two subjects - the ___ and ___, which are as much part on English life as roast beef and the Houses of Parliament.

You shouldn’t leave your bike out in the rain. It will get ___.

___ is played with an oval-shaped ball on a field like a football pitch, but the two goals have no nets and their posts are quite high - in the shape of the letter H.

___ said the sportsmen who took part in the Olympic Games.

Среднее образование в Великобритании и США

As well as the state schools, there are about 500 ___schools in Britain.

At present in Great Britain the secondary schools are___.

Children may have a ___ of some classes on the same day.

Children under five in Great Britain attend ___ schools.

Choose from the words on the right the name of the person who is in charge of or the leading person in the group, place, etc. on the left.

Classes in the USA meet

Education in Great Britain is ___ and free for all children between the ages of five and sixteen.

Elementary and secondary education together take ___ years to complete in the USA.

Good ___ in at least two subjects are necessary to get a place at one of the universities in Britain.

In most schools in the USA attendance is compulsory for all children

Match the following words with their definitions.

Nearly all private schools in Great Britain have good ___.

No tuition is ___ in elementary and secondary schools, though there are sometimes fees for textbooks and student activities.

Nursery, infant and junior schools in Great Britain are known as ___schools.

One of the most important examinations in British schools is GCSE which stands for the General ___ of Secondary Education

Public schools in the USA are ___, it means that boys and girls study together.

Students in the USA must complete a certain number of courses in order to receive

Such subjects as English, Maths, Science, a modern foreign language, Technology and Design, Geography, History, Music, Art and Physical Education are called ___subjects.

The boys and girls who go to boarding schools learn to speak with upper-class ___.

The peculiar feature of American education is

The private schools in the USA

There are ___ years of elementary education in the USA, not including the kindergarten, which is a part of the public school system of nursery education.

___ he was nearly seventy-five, he could still beat me at tennis.

Средства массовой коммуникации Великобритании и США

Both in British and the US media there is a freedom of ___: journalists and pressmen can say what they like about anyone and anything: the army, the President, the Queen, private individuals, the police, provided they say nothing ‘libelous’ and ‘obscene’.

I usually switch off the television when the ___ come on.

If you don’t like that programme, you can always switch over to a different ___.

In Britain the tabloids have excellent coverage of scandal and sport; the ___ papers deal with everything else.

Many Sunday newspapers these days are just full of ___.

Mass media are

Match the following words with their definitions.

Match the words, connected with mass media, with the correct definitions.

Match the words, connected with newspapers, with the correct definitions.

One of the biggest British news agencies is ___, which was founded in 1851.

She works for the BBC, which stands for British ___Corporation.

The British people are great readers of

The ___of this student magazine is a friend of ours.

The assassination attempt wasn't ___ in the press until two days later.

The local newspaper’s ___ fell dramatically when the editor was sacked.

There is quite a lot of___ of the media in some countries, especially during times of conflict.

These days there are very few ___broadcasts on TV. They usually record them and show them much later.

Under the government’s wartime ___ rules, al newspapers articles had to be checked by officials before being printed.

Would you like ___ in your tea, madam?

___ help(s) us to send instant messages, deal with the knowledge explosion and data processing.

___ is the end-product of a complex process which begins with a systematic sorting and selecting of events and topics according to a socially constructed set of categories.

‘When do you have to hand in that report?’ - ‘The ___ is 12th of May.’